What counts as a low income household?
There is no single definition but many benefits use specific income thresholds. Universal Credit tapers as income rises, Council Tax Reduction varies by council, and some entitlements such as free school meals use defined earnings limits.
It is worth checking your eligibility even if you feel your income is reasonable — costs such as housing and childcare can significantly affect your effective disposable income, and many people discover they are eligible for support they had not considered.
Universal Credit and housing support
Universal Credit is available to households in work or out of work where income and savings are below certain thresholds. It includes the Standard Allowance, additional amounts for children, and a housing element to help with rent.
The Local Housing Allowance sets the maximum housing support available based on your area and household size. If your rent exceeds this, you pay the difference.
Help with everyday costs
Free school meals: available to children in households receiving Universal Credit with earnings below £7,400 per year (after tax and NI) or on certain other qualifying benefits.
NHS Low Income Scheme: free prescriptions, dental treatment and sight tests for people on low incomes. Apply using form HC1 from the NHS Business Services Authority.
Healthy Start vouchers: for pregnant women or those with children under 4 who receive certain benefits — vouchers for fruit, vegetables, pulses and milk.
Energy and household support
Warm Home Discount: a £150 discount off electricity bills for eligible low-income households. Eligibility depends on receiving Pension Credit or meeting the energy supplier's criteria.
The Household Support Fund: administered by local councils using government money — for help with food, energy and essential costs. Eligibility and the form of support vary by council.